Real GAQM CITM-001 Exam Questions [Updated 2024]
CITM-001 Exam Dumps Pass with Updated 2024 Certified Information Technology Manager (CITM)
NEW QUESTION # 45
Important decision may require more care inanalyzing data.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Important decisions may require more care in analyzing data because they have higher stakes, greater uncertainty, and more complexity. Data analysis can help managers to identify patterns, trends, correlations, and causal relationships that can inform their decision making. Data analysis can also help managers to evaluate alternatives, test hypotheses, and predict outcomes. However, data analysis is not a substitute for judgment, intuition, and creativity. Managers should also consider the quality, reliability, and validity of the data, as well as the ethical and social implications of their decisions. References: CITM Course Outline, Sample Exam - GAQM, TEST 1 2020, questions and answers - CITM 102 TEST BANKS ... - Studocu
NEW QUESTION # 46
Limited access tohigh speed internet may impedethe development of global information systems.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Global information systems are information systems that span multiple countries, cultures, and organizations.
They enable the sharing of data, knowledge, and resources across borders and regions. However, limited access to high speed internet may impede the development of global information systems, as it affects the quality, speed, reliability, and security of communication and collaboration. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in 2020, only 51.4% of the world's population had access to the internet, and only 19.1% had fixed broadband subscriptions1. This means that many people and regions are still digitally excluded or underserved, especially in developing countries and rural areas. This digital divide may create challenges and barriers for the design, implementation, and management of global information systems, such as:
Lack of infrastructure and resources: Developing and maintaining global information systems requires adequate and stable infrastructure and resources, such as servers, routers, cables, satellites, power supply, bandwidth, etc. However, many regions lack the necessary infrastructure and resources to support high speed internet access, or face high costs and risks of disruption or damage2. This may limit the availability, performance, and scalability of global information systems, and increase the complexity and cost of their development and maintenance.
Lack of interoperability and standardization: Global information systems need to ensure interoperability and standardization among different systems, platforms, protocols, formats, and languages. However, limited access to high speed internet may hinder the adoption and integration of common standards and technologies, such as cloud computing, web services, APIs, etc. This may result in compatibility issues, data inconsistency, and inefficiency of global information systems, and require more effort and coordination to achieve interoperability and standardization3.
Lack of user participation and satisfaction: Global information systems need to consider the needs, preferences, and expectations of diverse and distributed users and stakeholders. However, limited access to high speed internet may affect the userparticipation and satisfaction of global information systems, as it may reduce the usability, accessibility, and functionality of the systems, and cause delays, errors, or failures of communication and collaboration. This may lead to user frustration, dissatisfaction, and resistance, and lower the adoption and acceptance of global information systems.
References: Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2020, Challenges and Opportunities of Global Information Systems Development: A Comparative Analysis, Global Information Systems: Challenges and Opportunities, [The Impact of Internet Speed on Online User Behaviour and Satisfaction]
NEW QUESTION # 47
DBMS stands for
- A. Dual Base Management System
- B. Data Base Marginal System
- C. Data Base Management System
- D. Directory Based Management System
Answer: C
Explanation:
A DBMS is software that monitors and maintains accurate, quality data in a data structure. It helps organizations optimize, store, retrieve and manage data in a database. A DBMS consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and accept requests for data from an application or user. A DBMS can also provide security, redundancy, abstraction, and multiple views of the data. A DBMS that stores data in tables and uses relationships between them is called a relational DBMS or RDBMS. Some examples of popular DBMS software are PostgreSQL, Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, SQLite, IBM Db2, etc. References: What is DBMS? Database Management Systems, Explained, What Is a DBMS? - LearnSQL.com, Database management system (DBMS) | Definition & Facts.
NEW QUESTION # 48
In object-oriented approach, program consists ofinterrelated classes of objects.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
In object-oriented approach, a program is composed of classes and objects that interact with each other through messages. A class is a blueprint that defines the attributes and behaviors of a group of similar objects.
An object is an instance of a class that has its own state and canperform actions defined by the class. Objects can be related to each other through different types of relationships, such as inheritance, association, aggregation, and composition. Object-oriented approach aims to model the real-world entities and problems in terms of objects and their interactions, making the program more modular, reusable, and maintainable. References: Object Oriented Approach - Online Tutorials Library, What is object-oriented programming? OOP explained in depth - Educative, Object-oriented programming - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 49
How many stages are involved in System Analysis?
- A. Three
- B. Two
- C. Four
- D. One
Answer: A
Explanation:
System analysis is the process of understanding problems and needs and arriving at solutions that meet them.
It involves identifying, defining, and specifying the requirements of a system, as well as designing, developing, testing, and implementing the system. According to Wikipedia1, system analysis can be broken into five phases: scope definition, problem analysis, requirements analysis, logical design, and physical design. However, according to MasterStart2, there are seven stages of system development life cycle (SDLC), which include planning, requirements analysis, designing, development and testing, implementation, documentation, and evaluation. Therefore, depending on the perspective and the methodology, system analysis can involve three to seven stages, but the most common number is three: requirements analysis, logical design, and physical design. References: Wikipedia; MasterStart
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which three are examples of Systems Software? (Choose three)
- A. Unix
- B. Adobe Photoshop
- C. Device Driver
- D. Linux
- E. Internet Explorer
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
Systems software is software that provides a platform for other software and manages the basic functions of a computer. Examples of systems software include operating systems, device drivers, firmware, utility software, and boot loaders. Operating systems are the most important type of systems software, as they provide the foundational framework for all other software and applications to run on the computer. Linux and Unix are examples of operating systems that are widely used in various domains, such as servers, desktops, embedded systems, and supercomputers. Device drivers are another important type of systems software, as they allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices such as printers, scanners, and graphics cards. A device driver is a software component that acts as an interface between the hardware and the operating system, providing the necessary commands and data to control the device. Internet Explorer and Adobe Photoshop are not examples of systems software, but application software. Application software is software that allows users to perform specific tasks, such as browsing the web, editing images, creating documents, or playing games.
Application software runs on top of the systems software and uses the services and resources provided by the operating system and the hardware. References: System software - Wikipedia, What is System Software? - Definition, Types, Examples and More, What is System Software: Definition, Types, Language Processors - Toppr.
NEW QUESTION # 51
The smallest unit of data storage is the _______
- A. Octet
- B. Character
- C. byte
- D. Field
Answer: C
Explanation:
A byte is the smallest unit of data storage that consists of eight bits. A bit is a binary digit that can have two values: 0 or 1. A byte can store one character, such as a letter, a number, or a symbol. An octet is another name for a byte, but it is not commonly used. A character is a symbol that represents a letter, a digit, or a punctuation mark, but it is not a unit of data storage. A field is a group of bytes that stores a specific type of data, such as a name, a date, or a number, but it is not the smallest unit of data storage. References: Data Storage Units of Measurement Table, What are the units of measurements for data storage?, Data Storage Units
NEW QUESTION # 52
Which type of cost is incurreddue to routine maintenance andmodifications?
- A. Service cost
- B. Maintenance cost
- C. Management cost
- D. Miscellaneous cost
Answer: B
Explanation:
Development cost is the type of cost that is considered as actual costs of analysis, design, and installation for the system. Development cost includes the expenses incurred during the planning, designing, building, testing, and deploying of a system. Development cost is usually estimated before the start of a project and is used to measure the feasibility and profitability of a system. Development cost is also used to monitor the progress and performance of a project and to control the scope and quality of a system. References: CITM Course Outline, Module 4, Corporate IT Strategy, page 9. CITM Training Course, Cost, page 14. CITM Certification Overview, Exam Information, Course Outline, Module 4.
NEW QUESTION # 53
__________ level describes what datais stored in the database andthe relationships among the data
- A. Pictorial level
- B. Physical level
- C. Conceptual level
- D. Logical level
Answer: C
Explanation:
The conceptual level is a high-level description of the data and its relationships in the database, without specifying how the data is physically stored or implemented. It defines the main entities, attributes, and constraints for the entire database, and is independent of any specific database management system or application. The conceptual level is also known as the logical level, and it is usually represented by an entity-relationship diagram (ERD). References: Conceptual schema - Wikipedia, Navigating the Three Levels of Database Design: Conceptual, Logical, and Physical
NEW QUESTION # 54
Coordination is a major problem for the global firm.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Coordination is the process of aligning and integrating the activities, resources, and efforts of different units or individuals within an organization or a network of organizations. Coordination is a major problem for the global firm because it involves managing the complexity, diversity, and uncertainty of operating across multiple countries, cultures, and markets. Global firms face various challenges in coordinating their strategies, structures, systems, processes, and people, such as:
Balancing the need for global integration and local responsiveness, which requires finding the optimal degree of standardization and adaptation of products, services, policies, and practices across different regions and markets.
Managing the trade-offs between centralization and decentralization, which involves deciding how much authority and autonomy to delegate to the local units versus retaining at the headquarters or regional hubs.
Fostering collaboration and communication across geographical, functional, and cultural boundaries, which requires overcoming the barriers of distance, time zones, languages, and norms.
Leveraging the benefits of diversity and avoiding the pitfalls of fragmentation, which entails creating a shared vision, values, and culture that can unify the diverse and dispersed workforce and stakeholders.
Coping with the environmental turbulence and uncertainty, which demands developing the capabilities to sense, respond, and adapt to the changing customer needs, competitor moves, and regulatory requirements.
Coordination is essential for the global firm to achieve efficiency, effectiveness, innovation, and competitiveness in the global market. However, coordination is not easy or costless, as it requires investing in various mechanisms and tools, such as:
Formal structures and systems, such as organizational design, reporting lines, performance measurement, and control systems, that define the roles, responsibilities, and relationships among the different units and individuals.
Informal practices and processes, such as culture, norms, values, and routines, that shape the behaviors, attitudes, and interactions of the organizational members.
Information and communication technologies, such as intranet, email, video conferencing, and social media, that facilitate the exchange of information and knowledge across the organization.
Human resource management, such as recruitment, training, development, compensation, and motivation, that attract, retain, and develop the talent and skills of the global workforce.
Coordination by principles, such as mission, vision, strategy, and goals, that provide the direction, guidance, and alignment for the organization.
References: Practice coordination by principles: a contemporary MNC approach to ..., Coordination Problems
- Definition and examples - Conceptually, Emergence of Coordination in Growing Decision-Making ... - Hindawi.
NEW QUESTION # 55
In a multi-user design One group usually developsthe systems for use by another group
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
In a multi-user design, one group usually develops the systems for use by another group. This is because different groups of users may have different needs, preferences, and expectations for the system. For example, a system that is designed for the accounting department may not be suitable for the marketing department, or a system that is designed for the managers may not be user-friendly for the employees. Therefore, a multi-user design involves identifying the target users, analyzing their requirements, designing the system accordingly, and testing the system with the users. A multi-user design also requires coordination and communication among the developers and the users, as well as among different user groups, to ensure that the system meets the needs and expectations of all stakeholders. References: Multi-User Operating System - GeeksforGeeks; Multiple Group Design: Definition & Examples - Study.com; Chapter 10: Information Systems Development
NEW QUESTION # 56
Which key uniquely defines the characteristics of each row?
- A. Foreign Key
- B. Primary Key
- C. Secondary Key
- D. Imported Key
Answer: B
Explanation:
A primary key is a column or combination of columns that contain values that uniquely identify each row in the table. It enforces the entity integrity of the table and prevents the insertion of duplicate rows. A table can have only one primary key, which is usually defined on an identity column or a column with not null and unique constraints. A primary key also creates a unique index for the table, which allows fast access to data when the primary key is used in queries12. References: 1: Primary and Foreign Key Constraints - SQL Server12: Primary and Foreign Key in SQL With Examples - DataFlair2
NEW QUESTION # 57
Restrictions on Internet access and efforts to censorweb sites may impede development of global information system.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Restrictions on Internet access and efforts to censor web sites may impede the development of a global information system by limiting the availability, diversity, and quality of information that can be accessed and shared across borders. Such restrictions may also hamper the innovation, collaboration, and communication that are essential for the advancement of technology, science, and society. According to the CITM study guide, a global information system is "a system that collects, processes, stores, and disseminates information that is relevant to the needs of users in different countries" (p. 26). The benefits of a global information system include "improved decision making, enhanced coordination, increased efficiency, reduced costs, and greater customer satisfaction" (p. 26). However, these benefits can be undermined by various forms of internet censorship, such as:
Manipulating search results to favor certain sources or viewpoints, or to hide or distort information that is unfavorable to the censoring authority.
Blocking access to specific sites or domains that contain information that is deemed illegal, immoral, or politically sensitive by the censoring authority.
Shutting off internet access altogether or imposing bandwidth limitations during times of crisis, protest, or conflict to prevent the dissemination of information that could challenge the status quo or mobilize opposition.
Requiring users to register or obtain licenses to access certain sites or services, or to use encryption or VPNs, which can deter or restrict internet usage and expose users to surveillance or prosecution.
Monitoring, filtering, or deleting online content or communications that are considered harmful, offensive, or subversive by the censoring authority, or imposing self-censorship through legal or social pressure.
These forms of internet censorship can have negative impacts on the development of a global information system, such as:
Reducing the amount and variety of information that is available to users in different countries, which can limit their knowledge, awareness, and understanding of global issues and perspectives.
Lowering the quality and reliability of information that is available to users in different countries, which can impair their ability to make informed and rational decisions, or to verify and challenge the information they receive.
Restricting the opportunities and platforms for users in different countries to exchange and share information, ideas, opinions, and feedback, which can hinder their collaboration, innovation, and creativity.
Violating the rights and freedoms of users in different countries to access and express information, which can undermine their participation, representation, and empowerment in the global society.
References:
CITM Study Guide, Chapter 2: Global Information Systems, pp. 25-32
Internet Censorship in 2024: The Impact of Internet Restrictions1
Internet Censorship 2024: A Global Map of Internet Restrictions2
Internet Censorship: Definition, Types, & How It Can Affect You3
How Countries Censor and Control the Internet4
NEW QUESTION # 58
Information derived from processing transactionreduces uncertainty about a firm's order backlog or financial position.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Information derived from processing transaction reduces uncertainty about a firm's order backlog or financial position because it provides a quantitative and forward-looking measure of demand. Order backlog is the amount of orders that a firm has received but not yet fulfilled. It reflects the expected future revenue and cash flows of the firm, as well as its ability to meet customer needs and expectations. Order backlog can also indicate the competitive position and market share of the firm, as well as its operational efficiency and capacity utilization. Therefore, disclosing order backlog can help stakeholders such as investors, analysts, managers, and regulators to assess the firm's performance and prospects more accurately and reliably. References: Sample Exam - GAQM, page 4; Implications of Disclosing Order Backlog, page
1-2; Backlog Definition, Implications, and Real-World Examples - Investopedia
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which three are examples of Application Software? (Choose three)
- A. Internet Explorer
- B. Linux
- C. Microsoft Word
- D. Unix
- E. Adobe Photoshop
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, or business function. It is designed to help users perform an activity or solve a problem. Application software can be classified into two basic categories: general-purpose and specific-purpose. General-purpose application software can be used for a variety of tasks, such as word processing, web browsing, or image editing. Specific-purpose application software is tailored for a particular domain, such as accounting, engineering, or gaming12 According to these definitions, Adobe Photoshop, Internet Explorer, and Microsoft Word are examples of application software. Adobe Photoshop is an image editing software that allows users to create and modify digital images. Internet Explorer is a web browser software that enables users to access and view web pages.
Microsoft Word is a word processor software that allows users to create and edit text documents. All these software are designed to help users perform specific tasks and are independent of the operating system or hardware.
On the other hand, Linux and Unix are not examples of application software. They are examples of system software, which is a type of computer program that controls and manages the operation of the computer and its peripherals. System software includes operating systems, device drivers, firmware, and utilities. Operating systems, such asLinux and Unix, are system software that provide the basic functions and services for running other software and applications. They are responsible for managing the hardware resources, such as memory, CPU, disk, and network, and providing the user interface, such as command-line or graphical. System software is essential for the functioning of the computer and is usually pre-installed or embedded in the computer123 References: 1: Application software | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica, 2: What is Application Software? App Software Examples and Basics - Quickbase, 3: Application software - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 60
The requirements for managerial control decisionsfall between Operational and Strategic planning.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Managerial control decisions are those that involve measuring and correcting the performance of activities of subordinates to ensure that the enterprise objectives and plans are being accomplished. Managerial control decisions fall between operational and strategic planning because they are concerned with both executing the strategy and tracking its progress. Operational control decisions are those that focus on the efficiency and effectiveness of specific processes, tasks, and functions. Strategic control decisions are those that evaluate the alignment of the strategy with the external and internal environment, and make adjustments if necessary. References: Managerial Control: Definition, Features, Scope, and Process, Types and Levels of Control - Principles of Management, The Control Function of Management - MIT Sloan Management Review
NEW QUESTION # 61
Who looks for a quantitative information?
- A. Heuristic Decision Maker
- B. Analytic Decision Maker
Answer: B
Explanation:
An analytic decision maker looks for quantitative information, or data that can be counted or measured in numerical values. An analytic decision maker uses logic, facts, and statistics to make decisions, and prefers objective and structured data. A heuristic decision maker, on the other hand, looks for qualitative information, or data that is descriptive and not expressed numerically. A heuristic decision maker uses intuition, experience, and judgment to make decisions, and prefers subjective and unstructured data. References: CITM Study Guide, page 8, section 2.3; What is Quantitative Data?, paragraph 2.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which term describes dormant code added to software andtriggered at a predetermined time or by a predetermined event?
- A. Virus
- B. Spam
- C. Keylogger
- D. Logic Bomb
Answer: D
Explanation:
A logic bomb is a type of malicious code that is inserted into a software program and remains dormant until a specific condition or event occurs, such as a certain date, time, or user action. When the condition is met, the logic bomb activates and executes its harmful payload, which can range from deleting or corrupting data, to displaying unwanted messages, to crashing the system. Logic bombs are often used by disgruntled employees or hackers to sabotage an organization's IT infrastructure or to extort money or information. Logic bombs are different from keyloggers, spam, and viruses, which are explained below:
A keylogger is a software or hardware device that records every keystroke made by a user on a computer or mobile device, usually for the purpose of stealing passwords, personal information, or other sensitive data. Keyloggers can be installed by hackers through phishing, trojan viruses, or physical access to the device. Keyloggers do not wait for a specific condition to activate, but rather run continuously in the background and transmit the captured data to a remote server or storage device.
Spam is any kind of unwanted, unsolicited, or irrelevant digital communication that is sent or posted to a large number of recipients or places, typically for the purposes of advertising, phishing, spreading malware, or disrupting normal operations. Spam can be delivered via email,text message, phone call, or social media. Spam does not contain hidden code that executes a harmful action, but rather relies on the user's response or interaction to achieve its goal, such as clicking a link, opening an attachment, or providing personal information.
A virus is a type of malware that infects a computer or mobile device by attaching itself to another program or file and replicating itself when the host program or file is executed. A virus can have various harmful effects, such as deleting or modifying data, consuming system resources, displaying unwanted messages, or opening backdoors for hackers. A virus can spread from one device to another through networks, removable media, or email attachments. A virus does not require a specific condition to activate, but rather runs whenever the infected program or file is executed.
References:
Logic Bomb Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
What is a Keylogger? How to Detect a Keylogger? - Fortinet
Spam | What is Spam? | Definition & Types of Spam
Virus | Definition, Structure, & Facts | Britannica
NEW QUESTION # 63
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